This technology relates to the decorrelation of audio signals for use in surround sound techniques. Decorrelation improves listener envelopment and spatial immersion, but prior techniques suffer from unwanted timbre coloration and are computationally expensive. The present technology improves decorrelation by utilizing a pseudorandom sequence and a reciprocal of the pseudorandom sequence to convolve the audio signal into the desired number of output signals.

This invention is directed to a hybrid asynchronous, distributed audiovideo group conferencing system.The invention eliminates the need to choose between the convenience of asynchronous messaging (such as email) and the interactive capabilities of full bandwidth conferences by providing sound and video in a recorded storage and retrieval system, indexed to facilitate examination and comprehension by distributed group members.Melding the beneficial attributes of asynchronous conferencing systems and full-channel audiovideo communication provides advantages greater than either set alone.

Lookback is defined as the ability of a logical process to change its past locally (i.e. without involving other logical processes). Logical processes with lookback are able to process out-of-timestamp order events, enabling new synchronization protocols for the parallel discrete event simulation. This technology is directed to two of such protocols, LookBack-Global Virtual Time (LB-GVT) and LookBack-Earliest Input Time (LB-EIT), which are presented and their performances on the Closed Queuing Network (CQN) simulation are compared with each other.

This invention is directed to a method and architecture for efficiently solving complex problems requiring information retrieval from multiple, logically interrelated, distributed databases. The method is well suited for use in the manufacturing Virtual Design Environment. The method uses coevolutionary agents incorporating evolutionary algorithms located at different nodes in a distributed network. The coevolutionary agents conduct localized database searches and evolve at their respective nodes while sharing information with other coevolutionary agents working the same problem.

Most forms of communication rely on transmission of groups of discrete elements arranged in a manner that is understood by both the transmitting and a receiving party. Accurate communication between the transmitter and a receiver depends on the message formed by the groups of discrete elements, or symbols, being transmitted uncorrupted and intact between the two parties.

As a greater number of people begin to access the Internet through high speed connections, the content offered is expanding. One method of broadcasting video and audio streams over the Internet is Multicasting. However, as use of multitask protocols and acknowledgement signals for each packet sent increases, so does congestion over the internet. Therefore, there exists a need in the art for a system and method of congestion control for multicast transmissions that is implemented entirely at the source of the transmission without any modifications to the receivers or routers.

Time of flight PET (TOF-PET) is an advance over traditional PET that uses the time difference in detection of the two photon events. TOF information provides better localization of the annihilation event along the line formed by each detector pair, resulting in an overall improvement in signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed image. This technology uses a direct estimation of the sinogram only from TOF PET data.

This invention is directed to a highly accurate and efficient method and algorithm, namely the Dual-Bootstrap Iterative Closest Point algorithm, for performing image registration generally and retinal image registration in particular. Retinal image registration is challenging. The images are projections of a curved surface taken from a wide range of viewpoints using an un-calibrated camera. The non-vascular surface of the retina is homogeneous in healthy retinas, and exhibits a variety of pathologies in unhealthy retinas.